EP

Earnings-to-Price — Basu 1977

Value

Quick facts

Factor ID EP
Display name Earnings-to-Price
Family Predictor
Category Value
Direction higher_expected_return
Status supported
Paper Basu 1977
Source tables income;daily_basic
Required fields net_profit;mkt_cap_cmp
PIT required yes
Coverage 2010-04-27 – 2026-05-15 · 679,607 rows · 99.2% of panel

Formula

net_profit / mkt_cap_cmp

Net income scaled by total market capitalization with point-in-time financial availability.

China adaptation

Prefer trailing twelve month net income once quarterly PIT stitching is stable.

Direction-adjusted cumulative return

0.85 1.29 1.74 2.18 2.62 2010-04 2014-04 2018-04 2022-04 2026-04

Return metrics

Metric Value
Months in sample 193
Monthly mean 0.3470%
Monthly std 4.3188%
Annualized Sharpe 0.28
t-stat (simple) 1.12
Hit rate (months > 0) 52.8%
Last 12M compounded -12.38%
Cumulative wealth (start = 1) 1.635

Recent 12 months

Month L/S return Cumulative Names
2025-05 -4.26% 1.787 5134
2025-06 -0.56% 1.777 5145
2025-07 -1.27% 1.754 5147
2025-08 +0.52% 1.763 5150
2025-09 -0.24% 1.759 5157
2025-10 -4.61% 1.678 5163
2025-11 +3.90% 1.743 5168
2025-12 +0.34% 1.749 5182
2026-01 -2.45% 1.707 5181
2026-02 +2.29% 1.746 5186
2026-03 -4.08% 1.674 5188
2026-04 -2.34% 1.635 5185

Known data issues

Current implementation uses latest announced net profit not a fully stitched TTM measure.

Notes

China value literature often favors EP over BM after shell-value adjustment.

See also: Value family, Factor library, Factor returns.